How to varnish a watercolor painting?
Oil painting has its rituals: preparing the canvas, priming it, and then varnishing. Watercolor also has its own, but the question of varnishing is less obvious. Is it really necessary? Is it even possible without damaging the artwork? That’s what we’ll explore in this article.
What is the purpose of the opening reception?
When a work is finished, one naturally thinks about its preservation. Varnishing serves two purposes: to protect the piece from dust, humidity, sunlight, and other environmental factors, and to enhance it by providing a uniform sheen that improves visual perception.
To apply it, different types of resins are used, deposited evenly with a brush on the finished and dry artwork. These two functions – protection and embellishment – become fully meaningful when an watercolor is displayed to the public or when it is intended to be preserved for the long term. For a work intended to remain in a drawer, varnishing will be less of a priority.
Can a watercolor painting be varnished?
Watercolor is a technique very different from oil painting or acrylics. More fragile, and typically done on paper rather than canvas, it began as a modest art form used for studies before great masters elevated it to a remarkable level.
In general, varnishing is mainly necessary for oil paintings. Watercolorists prefer to keep their works under glass. However, there are strategies for varnishing a watercolor, provided it is done correctly, as the process involves risks.
A well-executed varnish application on a watercolor painting offers several advantages:
- The glass frame can take a backseat, as the varnish generally offers UV protection—a role usually performed by the glass.
- It restores the brilliance and saturation that the artwork had immediately after being painted, which gives it a very pleasing aesthetic value.
- It waterproofs the paper and protects it from ambient humidity and mold, which ensures better long-term preservation.
Some precautions are essential before you begin:
- A liquid varnish can reactivate the paint and cause the finished work to run.
- The paper is sensitive to certain materials, which could significantly alter its appearance.
- During the varnishing process, the paper may warp and change color due to the density and humidity of the product used.
- The traditional varnish used for other techniques is not compatible with watercolor and could completely damage the artwork.
Recommendations before starting
First of all, make sure your artwork is completely dry. If there is any moisture left, wait a little longer.
Next, choose a varnish suitable for paper, and if possible, one specifically designed for watercolor. Above all, do not use varnish for oil paint, as its composition is different and may damage the paper.
Finally, before applying anything to your final piece, test the product on practice exercises.
Two methods for varnishing a watercolor
I would now like to introduce you to two alternatives comparable to varnishing, the result of which is not only similar, but also suitable for protecting and enhancing the beauty of our watercolors.
Application in aerosol form
If you have already used a fixative for dry techniques, the principle is the same. Position yourself a few centimeters away from the artwork and spray lightly. Allow it to dry completely, then add other layers if necessary.
In general, two to three light coats are sufficient to provide good protection. Avoid applying too much at once; it is better to apply several thin coats than a single thick coat, which could cause the paper to warp.
Look for a special watercolor spray, or a fixative for dry techniques with a UV filter, which is essential to protect the color over time.
Beeswax
If you prefer to avoid pressurized products, refined beeswax or artist’s wax is an excellent alternative. Apply it with a soft, low-lint cloth—satin works very well—massaging the piece with minimal pressure, in small circles. The result is a waterproof and slightly glossy surface.
The advantage of this method is that it is completely reversible; if you don’t like the result, you can remove the wax with a clean cloth without damaging the artwork. It is also the gentlest method for paper, which makes it a good choice for watercolors that are particularly important to you.
How to preserve a watercolor without varnishing it
Preserving a watercolor painting is more than just varnishing. If you choose not to varnish your artwork, other precautions can help ensure its longevity. Avoid exposing the artwork to direct sunlight, which gradually degrades the pigments. Store it in a frame under glass, preferably with UV-protective glass. Finally, make sure the paper never comes into direct contact with the glass; a mat is sufficient to create the necessary space.
Varnishing a watercolor is not mandatory, but it can make a real difference in preserving and enhancing the visual appearance of your artwork. The key is to choose the right method and test it before applying it to your final piece. See you soon!